The Science
Behind ZenTunes

To ensure that the music enrichment services we provide are backed by research, we constantly consult a variety of scientific sources. The following represent some of the resources we draw from on a regular basis.

Zentunes Science
  • Proof Of Concept

During the years 2020-2021 we’ve conducted an internal test of brain rhythms stimulation in patients during neuro feedback method correction. The group is composed of dozens patiants both men and women with ages from 19 to 61.

The results were obtained from our own experience of working with patients during the course of neurofeedback according to the generally accepted Theta, Alpha, SMR and Beta protocols.

Results

Percentage increase of brain formalized rhythms (under the influence of stimulation) was found; herewith combined stimulation effect was higher than stimulating by each factor separately. Brain structures combined stimulation leads to formed brain rhythms percentage increasing as follows:

  1. Theta rhythm – 143.3%;
  2. Alpha rhythm – 135.8%;
  3. SMR rhythm – 154.9%;
  4. Beta rhythm – 143.7%.


* The results are not used for full scientific work, and only justify our initial goals.

Conclusions

Without going into exact statistics, the following is visible simply by the “naked eye”: Efficiency of rhythm activation by means of combined influence of both musical and audio frequency stimulation is noticeably higher than with the influence of each of these factors separately. 

In other words, preliminary results confirm our assumptions about the high efficiency of the two factors combined effect.

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  • Books
Practical Guide for Clinical Neurophysiologic Testing: EEG​
Clinical Neurophysiologic Testing: EEG
  • Thoru Yamada, Elizabeth Meng
Practical approach to electroencephalography​
Practical approach to electroencephalography
  • Mark H. Libenson
Analyzing Neural Time Series Data: Theory and Practice ​
Analyzing Neural Time Series Data: Theory and Practice
  • Mike X Cohen
EEG Methods for the Psychological Sciences
EEG Methods for the Psychological Sciences
  • Cheryl L Dickter, Paul D Kieffaber
The Biopsychology of Mood and Arousal
The Biopsychology of Mood and Arousal
  • Robert E. Thayer
  • Articles
Psychophysiological Studies of the Effects of Auditory Rhythmic Stimulation on Subjective Time Counting and Performance Speed in Cognitive Tasks
  • By G. V. Portnova, O. V. Sysoeva & A. M. Ivanitskii
Conclusions: Improves cognition.
It is all in the mix: The interactive effect of music tempo and mode on in-store sales
  • By Klemens Knoferle, Eric Spangenberg, Andreas Herrmann, Jan Landwehr
Conclusions: A significant interaction between tempo and mode was evidenced
Rhythmic auditory stimulation in health care
  • By Frances Hendriëhetta Le Roux (MSc, PhD, Private Practice, Fish Hoek)
Conclusions: Used in healthy people to improve general condition.
High-density EEG characterization of brain responses to auditory rhythmic stimuli during wakefulness and NREM sleep
  • By Caroline Lustenberger, Yogi A. Patel, Sankaraleengam Alagapan, Jessica M. Page, Betsy Price, Michael R. Boyle, and Flavio Frohlich
Conclusions: Harmless, even in a dream.
The Action-Perception of Musical Rhythm: A Review of EEG Findings
  • By Jordan Anderson, University of Puget Sound
Conclusions: Improves perception.
The Induced Rhythmic Oscillations of Neural Activity in the Human Brain
  • By D. Cvetkovic, D. Djuwari, I. Cosic (Australia)
Conclusions: No negative impacts.
  • Researches
Journal of Music Therapy

Jin Hyung Lee, PhD, MT-BC, The Effects of Music on Pain: A Meta-Analysis, Journal of Music Therapy, Volume 53, Issue 4, 1 December 2016, Pages 430–477

Proceedings of Meetings on Acoustics

Wei-Chun Wang , "A study of the type and characteristics of relaxing music for college students", Proc. Mtgs. Acoust. 21, 035001 (2014)

JACM

Lee, Kyoung & Jeong, Hyeon & Yim, Jongeun & Jeon, Mi. (2015). Effects of Music Therapy on the Cardiovascular and Autonomic Nervous System in Stress-Induced University Students: A Randomized Controlled Trial. The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine.

Aalbers S, Fusar-Poli L, Freeman RE, Spreen M, Ket JC, Vink AC, Maratos A, Crawford M, Chen XJ, Gold C. Music therapy for depression. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2017 Nov 16;11(11):CD004517.

Health Psychology Review

de Witte M, Spruit A, van Hooren S, Moonen X, Stams GJ. Effects of music interventions on stress-related outcomes: a systematic review and two meta-analyses. Health Psychol Rev. 2020 Jun;14(2):294-324.

Yalch, Richard & Spangenberg, Eric. (1990). Effects of Store Music on Shopping Behavior. Journal of Consumer Marketing. 7. 55-63.

Chuen L, Sears D, McAdams S. Psychophysiological responses to auditory change. Psychophysiology. 2016 Jun;53(6):891-904. Epub 2016 Feb 29.

Journal of Business and Retail Management Research

V., Gopal. (2010). Impact of In-store Music on Shopper Behavior. Journal of Business and Retail Management Research. 5.

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